Allocating resources among communication cells based on a potential communication load of user equipment in idle mode

ABSTRACT

The technologies described herein are generally directed to providing radio resources to facilitate a predicted transition to active mode by idle user equipment in a fifth generation (5G) network or other next generation networks. An example method can include predicting that a user equipment of a group of user equipment in an idle mode will transition to an active mode during a time duration. The method can further include, identifying base station equipment that are able to provide coverage to the group of user equipment during the time duration. Further, the method can include, based on predicting the user equipment will transition to active mode, prioritizing allocation among the base station equipment, of resources to provide coverage to facilitate an active mode connection by the user equipment to the base station equipment.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject application is related to different approaches to handlingcommunication in networked computer systems and, for example, toproviding radio resources to facilitate a predicted transition to activemode by idle user equipment, e.g., using information from networkequipment in idle and active states to improve allocation of networkresources.

BACKGROUND

As demands for fast, high-quality wide area network connections haveincreased, wireless providers have implemented many new technologies,each having advantages and drawbacks over traditional approaches. New,shorter wavelength frequency bands can provide dramatically fasterbroadband connections to mobile devices, but because these bands can beblocked easier and have narrower beams, positioning them to offerservice to user devices has been challenging.

In addition, because increasing numbers of devices to be supported bycommunications networks, allocating network resources has continued toincrease in importance. With an increasing number of potentiallyconnected devices comes an increasing number of devices that can beconnected at a particular time. Problems can occur when networkresources are misallocated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The technology described herein is illustrated by way of example and notlimited in the accompanying figures in which like reference numeralsindicate similar elements and in which:

FIG. 1 is an architecture diagram of an example system that canfacilitate providing radio resources to facilitate a predictedtransition to active mode by idle user equipment, in accordance with oneor more embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a non-limiting example system that can facilitateutilizing provided radio resources to facilitate a transition to anactive mode, in accordance with one or more embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a non-limiting example system that can facilitatepreemptively allocating radio resources to facilitate a transition toactive mode by idle user equipment, in accordance with one or moreembodiments.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a non-limiting example system that can facilitateprioritizing radio resources to facilitate a transition to active modeby idle user equipment, in accordance with one or more embodiments.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a non-limiting example system 500 that canfacilitate, based on predicted activity of idle mode user equipment,load balancing across base station equipment, in accordance with one ormore embodiments.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a non-limiting example addendum to administrativemessages that can be used to allocate and direct radio resources tofacilitate a predicted transition to active mode by idle user equipment,in accordance with one or more embodiments.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example method that can facilitate providing radioresources to facilitate a predicted transition to active mode by idleuser equipment, in accordance with one or more embodiments.

FIG. 8 depicts a system that can facilitate providing radio resources tofacilitate a predicted transition to active mode by idle user equipment,in accordance with one or more embodiments.

FIG. 9 depicts an example non-transitory machine-readable medium thatcan include executable instructions that, when executed by a processorof a system, facilitate providing radio resources to facilitate apredicted transition to active mode by idle user equipment, inaccordance with one or more embodiments.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example block diagram of an example mobilehandset operable to engage in a system architecture that facilitateswireless communications according to one or more embodiments describedherein.

FIG. 11 provides additional context for various embodiments describedherein, intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitableoperating environment in which the various embodiments of the embodimentdescribed herein can be implemented.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Generally speaking, one or more embodiments can allocate resources amongcommunication cells based on a potential (e.g., predicted) communicationload of user equipment in idle mode. In addition, one or moreembodiments described herein can be directed towards amulti-connectivity framework that supports the operation of new radio(NR, sometimes referred to as 5G). As will be understood, one or moreembodiments can support control and mobility functionality on cellularlinks (e.g., long term evolution (LTE) or NR). One or more embodimentscan provide benefits including, system robustness, reduced overhead, andglobal resource management.

It should be understood that any of the examples and terms used hereinare non-limiting. For instance, while examples are generally directed tonon-standalone operation where the NR backhaul links are operating onmillimeter wave (mmWave) bands and the control plane links are operatingon sub-6 GHz long term evolution (LTE) bands, it should be understoodthat it is straightforward to extend the technology described herein toscenarios in which the sub-6 GHz anchor carrier providing control planefunctionality could also be based on NR in an SA (stand alone)configuration. As such, any of the examples herein are non-limitingexamples, any of the embodiments, aspects, concepts, structures,functionalities, or examples described herein are non-limiting, and thetechnology may be used in various ways that provide benefits andadvantages in radio communications in general.

In some embodiments the non-limiting terms “signal propagationequipment” or simply “propagation equipment,” “radio network node” orsimply “network node,” “radio network device,” “network device,” andaccess elements can be used herein. These terms may be usedinterchangeably, and refer to any type of network node that can serveuser equipment and/or be connected to other network node or networkelement or any radio node from where user equipment can receive asignal. Examples of radio network node include, but are not limited to,base stations (BS), multi-standard radio (MSR) nodes such as MSR BS,gNodeB, eNode B, network controllers, radio network controllers (RNC),base station controllers (BSC), relay, donor node controlling relay,base transceiver stations (BTS), access points (AP), transmissionpoints, transmission nodes, remote radio units (RRU) (also termed radiounits herein), remote ratio heads (RRH), and nodes in distributedantenna system (DAS). Additional types of nodes are also discussed withembodiments below, e.g., donor node equipment and relay node equipment,an example use of these being in a network with an integrated accessbackhaul network topology.

In some embodiments, the non-limiting term user equipment (UE) is used.This term can refer to any type of wireless device that can communicatewith a radio network node in a cellular or mobile communication system.Examples of UEs include, but are not limited to, a target device, deviceto device (D2D) user equipment, machine type user equipment, userequipment capable of machine to machine (M2M) communication, PDAs,tablets, mobile terminals, smart phones, laptop embedded equipped (LEE),laptop mounted equipment (LME), USB dongles, and other equipment thatcan have similar connectivity. Example UEs are described in additionaldetail with FIGS. 10 and 11 below. Some embodiments are described inparticular for 5G new radio systems. The embodiments are howeverapplicable to any radio access technology (RAT) or multi-RAT systemwhere the UEs operate using multiple carriers, e.g., LTE. Someembodiments are described in particular for 5G new radio systems. Theembodiments are however applicable to any RAT or multi-RAT system wherethe UEs operate using multiple carriers, e.g., LTE.

The computer processing systems, computer-implemented methods, apparatusand/or computer program products described herein employ hardware and/orsoftware to solve problems that are highly technical in nature (e.g.,estimating location of a UE from signal propagation information andallocating antenna resources), that are not abstract and cannot beperformed as a set of mental acts by a human. For example, a human, oreven a plurality of humans, cannot efficiently predict a location of auser equipment and rapidly direct multiple signals thereto (whichgenerally cannot be performed manually by a human), with the same levelof accuracy and/or efficiency as the various embodiments describedherein.

Aspects of the subject disclosure will now be described more fullyhereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which examplecomponents, graphs and selected operations are shown. In the followingdescription, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details areset forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the variousembodiments. For example, some embodiments described can provide radioresources to facilitate a predicted transition to active mode by idleuser equipment.

As is understood by one having skill in the relevant art(s), given thedescription herein, lack of beam-steering at idle mode can cause UEattach failures and delays, e.g., when the current network footprintdoes not encompass idle user equipment, there can be a delay (orfailure) when the idle UE attempts to connect to the network, otherwisetermed herein, go from idle mode to active mode, to be activated, tobecome persistently active, and other similar terms. As describedherein, one or more embodiments can periodically collect information(e.g., regarding location and signal propagation/interference) then usepreemptive actions to improve the network footprint to cover a selectednumber of idle UEs, e.g., selected based on priority and availableresources. As described below, preemptive (e.g., before a connection isrequested for the UE) actions can include the creation and direction ofnew energy beams and the adjustment of existing energy beams, to changethe network footprint to cover the selected idle UEs. Different examplesthat describe these aspects are included with the description of FIGS.1-11 below.

It should be noted that the subject disclosure may be embodied in manydifferent forms and should not be construed as limited to this exampleor other examples set forth herein. It should further be noted that,although a tracking area update message is frequently used forillustration herein, one having skill in the relevant art(s), given thediscussion herein, would appreciate how to use different types ofmessages can be used for modifications described herein, e.g., toinclude the administrative information for functions described herein.One should further note that, although directional 5G signals are usedfor many of the examples herein, many of the different embodimentsdescribed and suggested by the disclosure herein, can provide beneficialresults when applied to previous generations of wireless communication.

FIG. 1 is an architecture diagram of an example system 100 that canfacilitate providing radio resources to facilitate a predictedtransition to active mode by idle user equipment, in accordance with oneor more embodiments. For purposes of brevity, description of likeelements and/or processes employed in other embodiments is omitted.

As depicted, system 100 can include controller equipment 150communicatively coupled via network 190 to base stations 195A-B, whichis wirelessly connected to UE 155. Based on different conditionsdiscussed herein, UE 155 can communicate a message 125 via base stations195A-B and network 190 to controller equipment 150. In one or moreembodiments, controller equipment 150 can include computer executablecomponents 120, processor 160, storage device 162, and memory 165. Adiscussed further below, computer executable components 120 can includepredicting component 122, resource identifying component 124, loadbalancing component 126, and other components described or suggested bydifferent embodiments described herein, that can improve the operationof system 100. In a non-limiting example, functions of controllerequipment 150 can be implemented at a distributed or central node globalcontrol located on the network, e.g., a mobile edge computing (MEC) of aself-organized network (SON), or a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC).

In one or more embodiments, base stations 195A-B and other base stationelements described with FIGS. 2-5 below, can be a fifth or latergeneration radio network nodes, as described above. One having skill inthe relevant art(s), given the discussion herein, understands that 5Gnetworks that may use waveforms that split the bandwidth into severalsub-bands, with different types of services being accommodated indifferent sub-bands with complementary waveform and numerology, e.g.,leading to improved spectrum utilization for 5G networks. In someimplementations, base stations 195A-B can use the mmWave spectrum, withthe millimeter waves have shorter wavelengths relative to othercommunications waves, and thus potentially experiencing higher degreesof path loss, penetration loss, and fading than larger wavelengthsignals.

In one or more embodiments, the shorter wavelength at mmWave frequenciescan also enable more antennas to be located in the same physicaldimension, which can enable large-scale spatial multiplexing and highlydirectional beamforming, e.g., with phased antenna arrays it is possibleto create and control the shape and direction of the signal beam frommultiple antennas based on the antenna spacing and the phase of signalfrom each antenna element in the array. In some circumstances, the moreradiating elements that make up the antenna, the narrower the beam.Although many of the applications and examples discussed herein relateto fifth or later generation radio network nodes, one having skill inthe relevant art(s), given the description herein, understands thatearlier generation radio network nodes also can have radio directingcapabilities that can be used to implement the concepts describedherein.

Further to the above, it should be appreciated that these components, aswell as aspects of the embodiments of the subject disclosure depicted inthis figure and various figures disclosed herein, are for illustrationonly, and as such, the architecture of such embodiments are not limitedto the systems, devices, and/or components depicted therein. Forexample, in some embodiments, controller equipment 150 can furthercomprise various computer and/or computing-based elements describedherein with reference to mobile handset 1000 of FIG. 10 , and operatingenvironment 1100 of FIG. 11 . For example, one or more of the differentfunctions of network equipment can be divided among various equipment,including, but not limited to, including equipment at a central nodeglobal control located on the core Network, e.g., mobile edge computing(MEC), self-organized networks (SON), or RAN intelligent controller(RIC) network equipment.

In some embodiments, memory 165 can comprise volatile memory (e.g.,random access memory (RAM), static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), etc.)and/or non-volatile memory (e.g., read only memory (ROM), programmableROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasableprogrammable ROM (EEPROM), etc.) that can employ one or more memoryarchitectures. Further examples of memory 165 are described below withreference to system memory 1006 and FIG. 10 . Such examples of memory165 can be employed to implement any embodiments of the subjectdisclosure.

According to multiple embodiments, storage device 162 can include, butis not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memorytechnology, solid state drive (SSD) or other solid-state storagetechnology, Compact Disk Read Only Memory (CD ROM), digital video disk(DVD), blu-ray disk, or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes,magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices,or any other medium which can be used to store the desired informationand which can be accessed by the computer.

According to multiple embodiments, processor 160 can comprise one ormore processors and/or electronic circuitry that can implement one ormore computer and/or machine readable, writable, and/or executablecomponents and/or instructions that can be stored on memory 165. Forexample, processor 160 can perform various operations that can bespecified by such computer and/or machine readable, writable, and/orexecutable components and/or instructions including, but not limited to,logic, control, input/output (I/O), arithmetic, and/or the like. In someembodiments, processor 160 can comprise one or more componentsincluding, but not limited to, a central processing unit, a multi-coreprocessor, a microprocessor, dual microprocessors, a microcontroller, asystem on a chip (SOC), an array processor, a vector processor, andother types of processors. Further examples of processor 160 aredescribed below with reference to processing unit 1104 of FIG. 11 . Suchexamples of processor 160 can be employed to implement any embodimentsof the subject disclosure.

In one or more embodiments, computer executable components 120 can beused in connection with implementing one or more of the systems,devices, components, and/or computer-implemented operations shown anddescribed in connection with FIG. 1 or other figures disclosed herein.For example, in one or more embodiments, computer executable components120 can include instructions that, when executed by processor 160, canfacilitate performance of operations defining predicting component 122.

As discussed with FIGS. 2-5 below, predicting component 122 can, inaccordance with one or more embodiments, predict that a user equipmentin an idle mode will transition to an active mode after passage of atime duration, starting from the predicting, that is lower than a timethreshold. For example, one or more embodiments of controller equipment150 can predict that UE 155 in an idle mode will transition to an activemode after passage of a time duration, starting from the predicting,that is lower than a time threshold.

Further, in another example, in one or more embodiments, computerexecutable components 120 can include instructions that, when executedby processor 160, can facilitate performance of operations definingresource identifying component 124. As discussed with FIGS. 3-4 below,resource identifying component 124 can, in accordance with one or moreembodiments, identify base station equipment that is able to providecoverage to the user equipment during the passage of the time durationbefore the user equipment transitions to the active mode. For example,one or more embodiments can identify base station 195A as a base stationthat can provide coverage to the UE 155 during the passage of the timeduration before the user equipment transitions to the active mode.

In yet another example, computer executable components 120 can includeinstructions that, when executed by processor 160, can facilitateperformance of operations defining load balancing component 126. Asdiscussed herein, load balancing component 126 can, based on predictingthe user equipment will transition to active mode, prioritize allocationamong the base station equipment, of resources to provide coverage tofacilitate an active mode connection by the user equipment to the basestation equipment. For example, in one or more embodiments, controllerequipment 150 can, before the time that the UE 155 is predicted toinitiate the transition to the active mode, consider the potential loadof idle UE 155 and other idle UEs to allocate network resources betweenbase stations 195A-B to provide the coverage to facilitate thetransition to the active mode. For example, if base station 195B has adetected potential load of idle UEs within its communication cell thatwas larger than a comparable cell of base station 195A, then resourcescould be allocated between these two base stations accordingly.

It is appreciated by one having skill in the relevant art(s), given thedescription herein, that the time to initiate the transition to theactive mode can vary depending upon a variety of implementation andoperation specific factors, e.g., including, but not limited to,congestion of the location, resources applied to establishingconnections generally and time of day and/or year.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a non-limiting example system 200 that canfacilitate utilizing provided radio resources to facilitate a transitionto an active mode, in accordance with one or more embodiments. Forpurposes of brevity, description of like elements and/or processesemployed in other embodiments is omitted.

As depicted, system 200 can include controller equipment 150communicatively coupled to UE 155 via base station 195 through network190. Based on different conditions discussed herein, UE 155 cancommunicate the depicted tracking area update message 226 via basestation 195A and network 190 to controller equipment 150. As discussedfurther below, to facilitate different embodiments discussed herein,tracking area update message 226 can be modified by one or moreembodiments to include additional information elements, e.g., signalpropagation data 228. As depicted in FIG. 3 , controller equipment 150can send instruction 225 to UE to implement many of the messagingfunctions described herein. Example instructions are discussed below. Inone or more embodiments, UE 155 can include computer executablecomponents 220, processor 260, storage device 262 with propagationsamples 227, and memory 265.

In system 200, computer executable components 220 can include signalcollecting component 212, messaging component 214, activating component216, and other components described or suggested by differentembodiments described herein that can improve the operation of system200. For example, in some embodiments, UE 155 can further comprisevarious computer and/or computing-based elements described herein withreference to mobile handset 1000 of FIG. 10 and operating environment1100 described with FIG. 11 .

For example, in one or more embodiments, computer executable components220 can be used in connection with implementing one or more of thesystems, devices, components, and/or computer-implemented operationsshown and described in connection with FIG. 2 or other figures disclosedherein. For example, in one or more embodiments, computer executablecomponents 220 can include instructions that, when executed by processor260, can facilitate performance of operations defining signal collectingcomponent 212. As discussed with FIGS. 3-6 below, in one or moreembodiments, signal collecting component 212 can collect, during an idlestate, signal propagation information applicable to a location.

One approach that can be used by one or more embodiments, is to generatea specific message for communicating information, e.g., radio resourcemessages can be generated by a UE in response to a request from networkadministration processes for particular information, handover messagescan be generated by the UE based on events such as a diminishing signalstrength, and mobility messages can be generated by the UE to register abroad change in location from one tracking area to another.

Alternatively, because UEs already communicate different types ofinformation to network administration processes at different times, toreduce the administrative overhead of implementing one or moreembodiments, collected signal and location information can be added as anew part of an existing type of message 125. To implement this‘piggyback’ approach, UEs can be configured, e.g., by instruction 225instructing messaging component 214, to modify standard messages tofurther include additional information useful for one or moreembodiments, e.g., UE global positioning system (GPS) location andambient signal information. For example, in one or more embodimentsduring the regular generation and sending of an existing networkadministration message (e.g., a tracking area update message, discussedbelow), the information generated by one or more embodiments can beadded to the existing message, e.g., with the use of existing unuseddata fields or by repurposing existing data fields, e.g., as shown withthe discussion of FIG. 6 below.

An example general type of message that can be used by one or moreembodiments described herein is an idle message, e.g., like the trackingarea update message, messages that can be generated by the UE during atime when the UE is not actively wirelessly communicating with thenetwork in a call or exchanging mobile data. In one or more embodiments,idle messages can be generated based on a UE actively collectinginformation even though the UE is in an idle state. In one or moreembodiments, for some idle messaging the collected information can becollected stored before being used to generate an idle message.

Generally speaking, tracking area updates are messages sent by a UE tothe network that can be used to inform the network when the UE, in anidle communication state, moves from one tracking area to another, e.g.,often termed mobility messages because they can facilitate an idle UEbeing located by a paging message for establishment of an activeconnection, even if it changes tracking areas while idle. In someimplementations, a tracking area update message can also be generatedand sent by a UE at a particular time interval, with this intervalpotentially being changed as described below by one or more embodiments.

It is appreciated by one having skill in the relevant art(s) that whenan idle UE 155 detects that is has moved from one tracking area toanother, the UE can subsequently transmit a tracking area update messageby briefly transitioning out of the idle state of communications toreceive the signals that can indicate the tracking area change and tocommunicate the update message to network administration processes. Inaddition, the idle state of communications can be used by the UE toreduce power consumption from communications processes but does not meanthat the UE is not performing signal sampling and processing operations.

For these tracking area update examples, it should be noted that, inmany circumstances, a tracking area can refer to a collection of radiocells that can vary in size based on terrain and receptioncharacteristics. Because of this, a tracking area can vary in size up tobeing hundreds of square kilometers, e.g., a tracking area update doesnot generally provide a granular indication of the location of a UE, ascan be provided by global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Thus,while unmodified tracking area update messages can be described asfacilitating a tracking of location by controller equipment 150 within abroad area, this tracking is generally not sufficient to allocateantenna resources for the types of functions (e.g., acceleratedconnections to mode transitioning UEs) described with some embodimentsherein.

In addition to modifying an existing messaging procedure by adding(potentially unrelated) information to message 125, one or moreembodiments can alter procedures by which the existing messages aresent. For example, as noted above, messages can be sent based ondifferent events, e.g., based on a request, based on a change in signalstrength, based on a change to a different tracking area, or atparticular intervals. For one or more embodiments, to facilitateachieving the goals of the newly generated and sent information, thetriggering events for sending the tracking area update message can bechanged.

With respect to the message triggering events, it should be noted thatone or more embodiments can beneficially alter the conditions tofacilitate use of the appended information, while preserving theoriginal function of the altered message 125. For example, because thetracking area update message is triggered to be sent at a particularinterval, in one or more embodiments, this interval can be reduced,e.g., to establish an increased granularity for the existing messagingbecause, for example, the signal and GPS location data described hereincan be more useful if received more frequently by controller equipment150. In one or more embodiments, the extra processing and batteryoverhead for the UE from the increased frequency of sending a trackingarea update can be compared to the utility of the extra informationprovided for network administration.

In other example embodiments, computer executable components 220 caninclude instructions that, when executed by processor 260, canfacilitate performance of operations defining, messaging component 214.Messaging component 214 can, in accordance with one or more embodiments,transmit a location update message to second network equipment (e.g.,base station 195, wherein the location update message comprises thesignal propagation information and the location. Example types of signaland location data that can be collected, along with the uses for whichone or more embodiments can apply the collected data, as described withFIGS. 3-6 below. One approach to collecting signal information by UE 155is by using idle channel measurements from the phone from systeminformation block (SIB) messages as well as master information block(MIB) messages

In another example, in one or more embodiments, computer executablecomponents 220 can include instructions that, when executed by processor260, can facilitate performance of operations defining, activatingcomponent 216. In one or more embodiments, activating component 216 cancommence establishment of an active state connection with base station195, wherein, before commencing establishment of the active stateconnection, based on the location update message, base station 195provided signal resources to UE 155 to facilitate the establishment ofthe active state connection.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a non-limiting example system 300 that canfacilitate preemptively allocating radio resources to facilitate atransition to active mode by idle user equipment, in accordance with oneor more embodiments. As depicted, system 300 can include controllerequipment 150 with predicting component 122, idle UE 315, and basestation 360 and these elements have characteristics similar to the abovediscussed elements of similar and the same names. Upon particularconditions, idle UE 315 can send tracking area update message 310 (oranother message, on different implementations), and this message can bemodified to include signal propagation data 395, as described above withFIG. 2 and as described in further detail below, e.g., with exampleelements provided with the discussion of FIG. 6 . Base station 360 isdepicted as providing a carrier signal in anticipation (or preemptively,as also described herein) of idle UE transitioning into an active,persistently connected mode, e.g., a voice call, an exchange of data,etc.

It should be noted that the examples of FIGS. 1-2 are directed toexamples with a single idle UE 315. With FIGS. 3-5 , additional aspectsof some embodiments are described where different approaches to theprovision of anticipatory carrier 320 are discussed where scarce antennaresources can be allocated to promote better overall network outcomes.

In an example implementation, one or more embodiments of controllerequipment 150 can use predicting component 122 to select idle UEs 315for the provision of anticipatory carrier 320 based on a likelihood thatidle UE 315 will transition to active mode within a short period oftime, e.g., varying based on implementation circumstances, frommilliseconds to minutes.

One having skill in the relevant art(s), given the description herein,appreciates that different factors available to controller equipment 150(e.g., via signal propagation data 395 or other sources) can be used topredict an imminent active transition. For example, signal propagationdata 395 can include data corresponding to UE applications in use, andthese could be analyzed as potential transition factors, e.g., after 10seconds elapses in the use of a contacts application or commercialmapping application, an estimated likelihood of a voice call beingsought to be initiated can be determined, or a minute from the time abusiness mapping application is consulted. In another example,communications traffic from the UE can be analyzed (e.g., packetanalysis) to identify pattern of activity that can be relevant topredicting a transition to active mode by an idle UE, e.g., evidencethat a UE is periodically activating to buffer streaming content can beindicative that a transition to a persistently active state (e.g., avoice call) is not imminent. One having skill in the relevant art(s),given the description herein, appreciates that different implementationscan use different likelihood determination approaches.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a non-limiting example system 400 that canfacilitate prioritizing radio resources to facilitate a transition toactive mode by idle user equipment, in accordance with one or moreembodiments. For purposes of brevity, description of like elementsand/or processes employed in other embodiments is omitted. As depicted,system 400 shows controller equipment 150 connected to base station 460,serving idle UE 415 and active UE 417. To facilitate contrastingdifferent approaches to interacting with idle UE 415 described herein toapproaches used to interact with active UE 417, carriers 475A-C andinterference 480A-B are depicted.

As noted above, approaches to antenna aiming can be used in thisexample, for active UE 417. In contrast, in one approach to interactingwith idle UE 415, because the data bearer for this UE is generallyreleased, base station 460 does not have information regarding the stageor location of idle UE 415, thus, as noted above adjustments may not bemade to facilitate connections. In some circumstances, when idle UE 415is requested to transition to an active mode, this approach can cause UEattach failure and/or delay. This negative outcome can occur because ofbase station 460 already having allocated available antenna resources tocarriers 475A-B, with fewer resources being available for a requestedcarrier 475C. Even if sufficient resources are available to servetransitioning idle UE 415, there can be a delay in connection becausebase station 460 does not have the carrier 475C energy beam ready anddirected toward the user equipment as depicted.

In one or more embodiments, by providing the periodic idle modemessaging regarding the signaling environment and location of idle UE415 (e.g., mobility update message 410 with appended information), theabove-noted delays can be reduced, e.g., by base station 460 reservingresources to handle idle UE 415 as a device with the potential torequire a rapid connection. In one or more embodiments, just as carriers475A-B frequency beams can be steered in different directions to serveactive UE 417 and other devices, the direction of carrier 475C can beupdated dynamically by base station 460 as idle UE 415 moves,effectively tracking idle UE 415, albeit at a less frequent intervalthan active UE 417 in some circumstances based on a conservation ofbattery power for the idled device.

In another aspect of system 400 depicted in FIG. 4 , interference 480Acan interfere with active UE 417 using carrier 475A, e.g., multipleneighboring beams can overlap and therefore create inter-cellinterference. Based on reference signals provided to base station 460 byactive UE 417 however, this interference can be rapidly identified andavoided. In contrast, without different approaches described herein,when idle UE 415 attempts to transition from idle to a connected mode,interference 480B can prevent idle UE 415 from establishing theconnection. Unlike carrier 475A, where interference 480A can be rapidlydetected and actively avoided by base station 460, both interference480B and the resulting problems experienced by transitioning idle UE 415may be unknown to base station 460.

In a different approach utilized by one or more embodiments describedherein, because idle UE 415 can detect and characterize interference480B, this information can be periodically provided by mobility updatemessage 410 to base station 460. Based on this information, when basestation preemptively generates carrier 475C directed to the potentiallytransitioning idle UE 415, interference 480B can be considered whenselecting from available bands. Alternatively, because controllerequipment 150 can have information describing multiple base stations inthe area, interference 480B can cause a different base station toprovide carrier 475C to be ready to accommodate the transition of idleUE 415.

For example, when a prediction is made (e.g., by predicting component122) that idle UE 415 will soon transition to an active mode, carrier475C can be generated and directed to a predicted location of idle UE415, e.g., based on supplemental location information included inmobility update message 410. In this example, idle UE 415 providedsignal propagation data 228 that described interference 480B, and whenproviding carrier 475C to facilitate the connection of idle UE 415, thespecifics of carrier 475C were selected to mitigate signal interference480B during the transition to the active mode, e.g., by selecting atransmission band that is not subject to the identified interference.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of a non-limiting example system 500 that canfacilitate, based on predicted activity of idle mode user equipment,load balancing across base station equipment, in accordance with one ormore embodiments. For purposes of brevity, description of like elementsand/or processes employed in other embodiments is omitted. As depicted,system 500 includes base stations 560A-B providing coverage 595A-B tolocations 301A-B respectively. Locations 301A-B respectively includeidle UE 515A-C and idle UE 515D with active UE 517.

By different approaches noted above, one or more embodiments canidentify and track the estimated location of UEs in idle mode within thenetwork. One application for this capability is to use the potentialcarrier load of the identified idle mode UEs to perform load balancingfor base station equipment in different circumstances. For example, if asignificant amount of idle mode UEs 515A-C are present at the point of amass event (or other such cause of a mass transition from idle to activemode), then base station resources covering an area (e.g., antennaresources of base station 560A, or antenna resources of multiple basestations) could be subject to activation requests for which resourceshave not been preemptively allocated, e.g., resulting in networkcongestion in an area.

As described, one or more embodiments can utilize predicted locationsand activity of idle UEs 515A-D to determine a potential (idle mode)carrier load. By combining this potential load with an actual load ofactive UE 517, load balancing techniques can be used to improve theallocation of resources within the network. In one or more embodiments,load balancing can be facilitated by a virtual map of idle UEs andactive UEs, the overlap of carriers, potential received signal per UE,location of UEs, likelihood of transitioning to active mode, andinformation about active mode UEs.

Thus, with the example of FIG. 5 , without the use of differentapproaches to tracking and assessing idle UEs 515A-C, resources could bemisallocated to location 301B because of active UE 517. Thismisallocation could cause problematic congestion in location 301A,especially if a significant event occurred in this area.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a non-limiting example addendum 600 toadministrative messages that can be used to allocate and direct radioresources to facilitate a predicted transition to active mode by idleuser equipment, in accordance with one or more embodiments. For purposesof brevity, description of like elements and/or processes employed inother embodiments is omitted.

As depicted, an example mobility update addendum 610 can include, but isnot limited to the following characteristics of signals: frequency ofsignal analyzed 620A, power level of signal analyzed 620B, UE calculatedpathloss 620C, location of UE at sample collection 620D, currentlocation 620E, effective isotropic radiated Power (EIRP) 620F, evolveduniversal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) cell globalidentifier (ECGI) of cell 620G, physical cell identifier (PCI) 620H,current frequency of carrier measured 620I, reference signal receivedpower (RSRP) of serving cell, beam ID 620J, idle channel measurementsfrom the phone 620K, power allocation setting of UE 620L, and model ofUE 620M.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example method 700 that can facilitate providingradio resources to facilitate a predicted transition to active mode byidle user equipment, in accordance with one or more embodiments. Forpurposes of brevity, description of like elements and/or processesemployed in other embodiments is omitted. At 702, method 700 can includepredicting that a user equipment in an idle mode will transition to anactive mode after passage of a time duration, starting from thepredicting, that is lower than a time threshold. For example, in one ormore embodiments a method can include predicting that UE 515A in an idlemode will transition to an active mode after passage of a time duration,starting from the predicting, that is lower than a time threshold.

At 704, method 700 can include identifying base station equipment thatare able to provide coverage to the user equipment during the passage ofthe time duration before the user equipment transitions to the activemode. For example, in one or more embodiments a method can includeidentifying base station 360 that is able to provide coverage to idle UE515A during the passage of the time duration before the user equipmenttransitions to the active mode. At 706, method 700 can includeallocating an antenna resource of the base station equipment to providethe coverage to facilitate an active mode connection by the userequipment to the base station equipment. For example, in one or moreembodiments a method can include allocating an antenna resource (e.g.,carrier 575A) of base station 360 to provide the coverage to facilitatean active mode connection by the user equipment to the base stationequipment.

FIG. 8 depicts a system 800 that can facilitate providing radioresources to facilitate a predicted transition to active mode by idleuser equipment, in accordance with one or more embodiments. For purposesof brevity, description of like elements and/or processes employed inother embodiments is omitted. As depicted, system 800 can includepredicting component 122, resource identifying component 124, loadbalancing component 126, and other components described or suggested bydifferent embodiments described herein, that can improve the operationof system 800.

In an example, component 802 can include the functions of predictingcomponent 122, supported by the other layers of system 800. For example,component 802 can predict that a user equipment in an idle mode willtransition to an active mode after passage of a time duration, startingfrom the predicting, that is lower than a time threshold. For example,one or more embodiments can predict that a user equipment in an idlemode will transition to an active mode after passage of a time duration,starting from the predicting, that is lower than a time threshold. Inthis and other examples, component 804 can include the functions ofresource identifying component 124, supported by the other layers ofsystem 800. Continuing this example, in one or more embodiments,component 804 can identify base station equipment that are able toprovide coverage to the user equipment during the passage of the timeduration before the user equipment transitions to the active mode. Forexample, one or more embodiments can identify base station equipmentthat are able to provide coverage to the user equipment during thepassage of the time duration before the user equipment transitions tothe active mode.

In a further aspect of the example, component 806 can include thefunctions of load balancing component 126, supported by the other layersof system 800. For example, component 806 can, based on predicting theuser equipment will transition to active mode, prioritize allocationamong the base station equipment, of resources to provide coverage tofacilitate an active mode connection by the user equipment to the basestation equipment.

FIG. 9 depicts an example 900 non-transitory machine-readable medium 910that can include executable instructions that, when executed by aprocessor of a system, facilitate providing radio resources tofacilitate a predicted transition to active mode by idle user equipment,in accordance with one or more embodiments described above. For purposesof brevity, description of like elements and/or processes employed inother embodiments is omitted. As depicted, non-transitorymachine-readable medium 910 includes executable instructions that canfacilitate performance of operations 902-1006.

In one or more embodiments, the operations can include operation 902that can predict that a user equipment in an idle mode will transitionto an active mode after passage of a time duration, starting from thepredicting, that is lower than a time threshold. For example, one ormore embodiments can predict that a user equipment in an idle mode willtransition to an active mode after passage of a time duration, startingfrom the predicting, that is lower than a time threshold.

Further, operations can include operation 904, that can identify basestation equipment that are able to provide coverage to the userequipment during the passage of the time duration before the userequipment transitions to the active mode. For example, one or moreembodiments can identify base station equipment that are able to providecoverage to the user equipment during the passage of the time durationbefore the user equipment transitions to the active mode.

In one or more embodiments, the operations can further include operation906 that can allocate an antenna resource of the base station equipmentto provide the coverage to facilitate an active mode connection by theuser equipment to the base station equipment. For example, one or moreembodiments can allocate an antenna resource of the base stationequipment to provide the coverage to facilitate an active modeconnection by the user equipment to the base station equipment.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example block diagram of an example mobilehandset 1000 operable to engage in a system architecture thatfacilitates wireless communications according to one or more embodimentsdescribed herein. Although a mobile handset is illustrated herein, itwill be understood that other devices can be a mobile device, and thatthe mobile handset is merely illustrated to provide context for theembodiments of the various embodiments described herein. The followingdiscussion is intended to provide a brief, general description of anexample of a suitable environment in which the various embodiments canbe implemented. While the description includes a general context ofcomputer-executable instructions embodied on a machine-readable storagemedium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodimentsalso can be implemented in combination with other program modules and/oras a combination of hardware and software.

Generally, applications (e.g., program modules) can include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particulartasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the methods described herein canbe practiced with other system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, mainframecomputers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like,each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associateddevices

A computing device can typically include a variety of machine-readablemedia. Machine-readable media can be any available media that can beaccessed by the computer and includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media. By way of example and notlimitation, computer-readable media can comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media can include volatileand/or non-volatile media, removable and/or non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage of information, suchas computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, orother data. Computer storage media can include, but is not limited to,RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, solid statedrive (SSD) or other solid-state storage technology, Compact Disk ReadOnly Memory (CD ROM), digital video disk (DVD), Blu-ray disk, or otheroptical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic diskstorage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which canbe used to store the desired information and which can be accessed bythe computer. In this regard, the terms “tangible” or “non-transitory”herein as applied to storage, memory or computer-readable media, are tobe understood to exclude only propagating transitory signals per se asmodifiers and do not relinquish rights to all standard storage, memoryor computer-readable media that are not only propagating transitorysignals per se.

Communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated datasignal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and caninclude any information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal”means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set orchanged in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By wayof example, and not limitation, communication media includes wired mediasuch as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations ofthe any of the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media

The handset includes a processor 1002 for controlling and processing allonboard operations and functions. A memory 1004 interfaces to theprocessor 1002 for storage of data and one or more applications 1006(e.g., a video player software, user feedback component software, etc.).Other applications can include voice recognition of predetermined voicecommands that facilitate initiation of the user feedback signals. Theapplications 1006 can be stored in the memory 1004 and/or in a firmware1008, and executed by the processor 1002 from either or both the memory1004 or/and the firmware 1008. The firmware 1008 can also store startupcode for execution in initializing the handset 1000. A communicationscomponent 1010 interfaces to the processor 1002 to facilitatewired/wireless communication with external systems, e.g., cellularnetworks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, the communications component1010 can also include a suitable cellular transceiver 1011 (e.g., a GSMtransceiver) and/or an unlicensed transceiver 1013 (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax)for corresponding signal communications. The handset 1000 can be adevice such as a cellular telephone, a PDA with mobile communicationscapabilities, and messaging-centric devices. The communicationscomponent 1010 also facilitates communications reception fromterrestrial radio networks (e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radionetworks, and Internet-based radio services networks

The handset 1000 includes a display 1012 for displaying text, images,video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID function), setupfunctions, and for user input. For example, the display 1012 can also bereferred to as a “screen” that can accommodate the presentation ofmultimedia content (e.g., music metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics,etc.). The display 1012 can also display videos and can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface1014 is provided in communication with the processor 1002 to facilitatewired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE1294) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices(e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This supports updating andtroubleshooting the handset 1000, for example. Audio capabilities areprovided with an audio I/O component 1016, which can include a speakerfor the output of audio signals related to, for example, indication thatthe user pressed the proper key or key combination to initiate the userfeedback signal. The audio I/O component 1016 also facilitates the inputof audio signals through a microphone to record data and/or telephonyvoice data, and for inputting voice signals for telephone conversations.

The handset 1000 can include a slot interface 1018 for accommodating aSIC (Subscriber Identity Component) in the form factor of a card SIM oruniversal SIM 1020, and interfacing the SIM card 1020 with the processor1002. However, it is to be appreciated that the SIM card 1020 can bemanufactured into the handset 1000, and updated by downloading data andsoftware.

The handset 1000 can process IP data traffic through the communicationscomponent 1010 to accommodate IP traffic from an IP network such as, forexample, the Internet, a corporate intranet, a home network, a personarea network, etc., through an ISP or broadband cable provider. Thus,VoIP traffic can be utilized by the handset 1000 and IP-based multimediacontent can be received in either an encoded or a decoded format.

A video processing component 1022 (e.g., a camera) can be provided fordecoding encoded multimedia content. The video processing component 1022can aid in facilitating the generation, editing, and sharing of videoquotes. The handset 1000 also includes a power source 1024 in the formof batteries and/or an AC power subsystem, which power source 1024 caninterface to an external power system or charging equipment (not shown)by a power I/O component 1026.

The handset 1000 can also include a video component 1030 for processingvideo content received and, for recording and transmitting videocontent. For example, the video component 1030 can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A location trackingcomponent 1032 facilitates geographically locating the handset 1000. Asdescribed hereinabove, this can occur when the user initiates thefeedback signal automatically or manually. A user input component 1034facilitates the user initiating the quality feedback signal. The userinput component 1034 can also facilitate the generation, editing andsharing of video quotes. The user input component 1034 can include suchconventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard,mouse, stylus pen, and/or touch screen, for example.

Referring again to the applications 1006, a hysteresis component 1036facilitates the analysis and processing of hysteresis data, which isutilized to determine when to associate with the access point. Asoftware trigger component 1038 can be provided that facilitatestriggering of the hysteresis component 1036 when the Wi-Fi transceiver1013 detects the beacon of the access point. A SIP client 1040 enablesthe handset 1000 to support SIP protocols and register the subscriberwith the SIP registrar server. The applications 1006 can also include aclient 1042 that provides at least the capability of discovery, play andstore of multimedia content, for example, music.

The handset 1000, as indicated above related to the communicationscomponent 1010, includes an indoor network radio transceiver 1013 (e.g.,Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports the indoor radio link, suchas IEEE 802.11, for the dual-mode GSM handset 1000. The handset 1000 canaccommodate at least satellite radio services through a handset that cancombine wireless voice and digital radio chipsets into a single handhelddevice.

Network 190 can employ various cellular systems, technologies, andmodulation schemes to facilitate wireless radio communications betweendevices. While example embodiments include use of 5G new radio (NR)systems, one or more embodiments discussed herein can be applicable toany radio access technology (RAT) or multi-RAT system, including whereuser equipment operate using multiple carriers, e.g., LTE FDD/TDD,GSM/GERAN, CDMA2000, etc. For example, wireless communication system 200can operate in accordance with global system for mobile communications(GSM), universal mobile telecommunications service (UMTS), long termevolution (LTE), LTE frequency division duplexing (LTE FDD, LTE timedivision duplexing (TDD), high speed packet access (HSPA), code divisionmultiple access (CDMA), wideband CDMA (WCMDA), CDMA2000, time divisionmultiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA),multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA), single-carriercode division multiple access (SC-CDMA), single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA),orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), discrete Fouriertransform spread OFDM (DFT-spread OFDM) single carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA),Filter bank based multi-carrier (FBMC), zero tail DFT-spread-OFDM (ZTDFT-s-OFDM), generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM), fixedmobile convergence (FMC), universal fixed mobile convergence (UFMC),unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), unique word DFT-spread OFDM (UWDFT-Spread-OFDM), cyclic prefix OFDM CP-OFDM, resource-block-filteredOFDM, Wi Fi, WLAN, WiMax, and the like. However, various features andfunctionalities of system 100 are particularly described wherein thedevices of system 100 are configured to communicate wireless signalsusing one or more multi carrier modulation schemes, wherein data symbolscan be transmitted simultaneously over multiple frequency subcarriers(e.g., OFDM, CP-OFDM, DFT-spread OFMD, UFMC, FMBC, etc.). Theembodiments are applicable to single carrier as well as to multicarrier(MC) or carrier aggregation (CA) operation of the user equipment. Theterm carrier aggregation (CA) is also called (e.g., interchangeablycalled) “multi-carrier system”, “multi-cell operation”, “multi-carrieroperation”, “multi-carrier” transmission and/or reception. Note thatsome embodiments are also applicable for Multi RAB (radio bearers) onsome carriers (that is data plus speech is simultaneously scheduled).

Various embodiments described herein can be configured to provide andemploy 5G wireless networking features and functionalities. With 5Gnetworks that may use waveforms that split the bandwidth into severalsub bands, different types of services can be accommodated in differentsub bands with the most suitable waveform and numerology, leading toimproved spectrum utilization for 5G networks. Notwithstanding, in themmWave spectrum, the millimeter waves have shorter wavelengths relativeto other communications waves, whereby mmWave signals can experiencesevere path loss, penetration loss, and fading. However, the shorterwavelength at mmWave frequencies also allows more antennas to be packedin the same physical dimension, which allows for large-scale spatialmultiplexing and highly directional beamforming.

FIG. 11 provides additional context for various embodiments describedherein, intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitableoperating environment 1100 in which the various embodiments of theembodiment described herein can be implemented. While the embodimentshave been described above in the general context of computer-executableinstructions that can run on one or more computers, those skilled in theart will recognize that the embodiments can be also implemented incombination with other program modules and/or as a combination ofhardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the various methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, Internet of Things (IoT)devices, distributed computing systems, as well as personal computers,hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based or programmableconsumer electronics, and the like, each of which can be operativelycoupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated embodiments of the embodiments herein can be alsopracticed in distributed computing environments where certain tasks areperformed by remote processing devices that are linked through acommunications network. In a distributed computing environment, programmodules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media, machine-readable storage media,and/or communications media, which two terms can be used hereindifferently from one another as follows. Computer-readable storage mediaor machine-readable storage media can be any available storage mediathat can be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media or machine-readablestorage media can be implemented in connection with any method ortechnology for storage of information such as computer-readable ormachine-readable instructions, program modules, structured data orunstructured data.

Computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to,random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electricallyerasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or othermemory technology, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digitalversatile disk (DVD), Blu-ray disc (BD) or other optical disk storage,magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or othermagnetic storage devices, solid state drives or other solid statestorage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitory media which canbe used to store desired information. In this regard, the terms“tangible” or “non-transitory” herein as applied to storage, memory orcomputer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude onlypropagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not relinquishrights to all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media thatare not only propagating transitory signals per se.

Computer-readable storage media can be accessed by one or more local orremote computing devices, e.g., via access requests, queries or otherdata retrieval protocols, for a variety of operations with respect tothe information stored by the medium.

Communications media typically embody computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructureddata in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrierwave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information deliveryor transport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refersto a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changedin such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By wayof example, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

With reference again to FIG. 11 , the example operating environment 1100for implementing various embodiments of the aspects described hereinincludes a computer 1102, the computer 1102 including a processing unit1104, a system memory 1106 and a system bus 1108. The system bus 1108couples system components including, but not limited to, the systemmemory 1106 to the processing unit 1104. The processing unit 1104 can beany of various commercially available processors. Dual microprocessorsand other multi-processor architectures can also be employed as theprocessing unit 1104.

The system bus 1108 can be any of several types of bus structure thatcan further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memorycontroller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety ofcommercially available bus architectures. The system memory 1106includes ROM 1110 and RAM 1112. A basic input/output system (BIOS) canbe stored in a non-volatile memory such as ROM, erasable programmableread only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basic routinesthat help to transfer information between elements within the computer1102, such as during startup. The RAM 1112 can also include a high-speedRAM such as static RAM for caching data.

The computer 1102 further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD)1114 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), one or more external storage devices 1116(e.g., a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1116, a memory stick or flashdrive reader, a memory card reader, etc.) and a drive 1120, e.g., suchas a solid-state drive, an optical disk drive, which can read or writefrom a disk 1122, such as a CD-ROM disc, a DVD, a BD, etc.Alternatively, where a solid-state drive is involved, disk 1122 wouldnot be included, unless separate. While the internal HDD 1114 isillustrated as located within the computer 1102, the internal HDD 1114can also be configured for external use in a suitable chassis (notshown). Additionally, while not shown in environment 1100, a solid-statedrive (SSD) could be used in addition to, or in place of, an HDD 1114.The HDD 1114, external storage device(s) 1116 and drive 1120 can beconnected to the system bus 1108 by an HDD interface 1124, an externalstorage interface 1126 and a drive interface 1128, respectively. Theinterface 1124 for external drive implementations can include at leastone or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Institute of Electricaland Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394 interface technologies. Otherexternal drive connection technologies are within contemplation of theembodiments described herein.

The drives and their associated computer-readable storage media providenonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executableinstructions, and so forth. For the computer 1102, the drives andstorage media accommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digitalformat. Although the description of computer-readable storage mediaabove refers to respective types of storage devices, it should beappreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of storagemedia which are readable by a computer, whether presently existing ordeveloped in the future, could also be used in the example operatingenvironment, and further, that any such storage media can containcomputer-executable instructions for performing the methods describedherein.

A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 1112,including an operating system 1130, one or more application programs1132, other program modules 1134 and program data 1136. All or portionsof the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also becached in the RAM 1112. The systems and methods described herein can beimplemented utilizing various commercially available operating systemsor combinations of operating systems.

Computer 1102 can optionally comprise emulation technologies. Forexample, a hypervisor (not shown) or other intermediary can emulate ahardware environment for operating system 1130, and the emulatedhardware can optionally be different from the hardware illustrated inFIG. 11 . In such an embodiment, operating system 1130 can comprise onevirtual machine (VM) of multiple VMs hosted at computer 1102.Furthermore, operating system 1130 can provide runtime environments,such as the Java runtime environment or the .NET framework, forapplications 1132. Runtime environments are consistent executionenvironments that allow applications 1132 to run on any operating systemthat includes the runtime environment. Similarly, operating system 1130can support containers, and applications 1132 can be in the form ofcontainers, which are lightweight, standalone, executable packages ofsoftware that include, e.g., code, runtime, system tools, systemlibraries and settings for an application.

Further, computer 1102 can be enable with a security module, such as atrusted processing module (TPM). For instance, with a TPM, bootcomponents hash next in time boot components, and wait for a match ofresults to secured values, before loading a next boot component. Thisprocess can take place at any layer in the code execution stack ofcomputer 1102, e.g., applied at the application execution level or atthe operating system (OS) kernel level, thereby enabling security at anylevel of code execution.

A user can enter commands and information into the computer 1102 throughone or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 1138, a touchscreen 1140, and a pointing device, such as a mouse 1142. Other inputdevices (not shown) can include a microphone, an infrared (IR) remotecontrol, a radio frequency (RF) remote control, or other remote control,a joystick, a virtual reality controller and/or virtual reality headset,a game pad, a stylus pen, an image input device, e.g., camera(s), agesture sensor input device, a vision movement sensor input device, anemotion or facial detection device, a biometric input device, e.g.,fingerprint or iris scanner, or the like. These and other input devicesare often connected to the processing unit 1104 through an input deviceinterface 1144 that can be coupled to the system bus 1108, but can beconnected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 1394serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR interface, a BLUETOOTH®interface, etc.

A monitor 1146 or other type of display device can be also connected tothe system bus 1108 via an interface, such as a video adapter 1148. Inaddition to the monitor 1146, a computer typically includes otherperipheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.

The computer 1102 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections via wired and/or wireless communications to one or moreremote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1150. The remotecomputer(s) 1150 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, apersonal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainmentappliance, a peer device or other common network node, and typicallyincludes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer1102, although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device1152 is illustrated. The logical connections depicted includewired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1154 and/orlarger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1156. Such LAN and WANnetworking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, andfacilitate enterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all ofwhich can connect to a global communications network, e.g., theInternet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1102 can beconnected to the local network 1154 through a wired and/or wirelesscommunication network interface or adapter 1158. The adapter 1158 canfacilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 1154, which canalso include a wireless access point (AP) disposed thereon forcommunicating with the adapter 1158 in a wireless mode.

When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1102 can includea modem 1160 or can be connected to a communications server on the WAN1156 via other means for establishing communications over the WAN 1156,such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1160, which can be internal orexternal and a wired or wireless device, can be connected to the systembus 1108 via the input device interface 1144. In a networkedenvironment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 1102 orportions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device1152. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown areexample and other means of establishing a communications link betweenthe computers can be used.

When used in either a LAN or WAN networking environment, the computer1102 can access cloud storage systems or other network-based storagesystems in addition to, or in place of, external storage devices 1116 asdescribed above, such as but not limited to a network virtual machineproviding one or more aspects of storage or processing of information.Generally, a connection between the computer 1102 and a cloud storagesystem can be established over a LAN 1154 or WAN 1156 e.g., by theadapter 1158 or modem 1160, respectively. Upon connecting the computer1102 to an associated cloud storage system, the external storageinterface 1126 can, with the aid of the adapter 1158 and/or modem 1160,manage storage provided by the cloud storage system as it would othertypes of external storage. For instance, the external storage interface1126 can be configured to provide access to cloud storage sources as ifthose sources were physically connected to the computer 1102.

The computer 1102 can be operable to communicate with any wirelessdevices or entities operatively disposed in wireless communication,e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portabledata assistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment orlocation associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk,news stand, store shelf, etc.), and telephone. This can include WirelessFidelity (Wi-Fi) and BLUETOOTH® wireless technologies. Thus, thecommunication can be a predefined structure as with a conventionalnetwork or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.

The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subjectdisclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the preciseforms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are describedherein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possiblethat are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples,as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.

In this regard, while the disclosed subject matter has been described inconnection with various embodiments and corresponding Figures, whereapplicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitutefunction of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom.Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to anysingle embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed inbreadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

Further to the description above, as it employed in the subjectspecification, the term “processor” can refer to substantially anycomputing processing unit or device comprising, but not limited tocomprising, single-core processors; single-processors with softwaremultithread execution capability; multi-core processors; multi-coreprocessors with software multithread execution capability; multi-coreprocessors with hardware multithread technology; parallel platforms; andparallel platforms with distributed shared memory. Additionally, aprocessor can refer to an integrated circuit, an application specificintegrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a fieldprogrammable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic controller (PLC), acomplex programmable logic device (CPLD), a discrete gate or transistorlogic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designedto perform the functions described herein. Processors can exploitnano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular andquantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimizespace usage or enhance performance of user equipment. A processor mayalso be implemented as a combination of computing processing units.

In the subject specification, terms such as “store,” “storage,” “datastore,” data storage,” “database,” and substantially any otherinformation storage component relevant to operation and functionality ofa component, refer to “memory components,” or entities embodied in a“memory” or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciatedthat the memory components described herein can be either volatilememory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile andnonvolatile memory.

As used in this application, the terms “component,” “system,”“platform,” “layer,” “selector,” “interface,” and the like are intendedto refer to a computer-related entity or an entity related to anoperational apparatus with one or more specific functionalities, whereinthe entity can be either hardware, a combination of hardware andsoftware, software, or software in execution. As an example, a componentmay be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, aprocessor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, a program,and/or a computer. By way of illustration and not limitation, both anapplication running on a server and the server can be a component. Oneor more components may reside within a process and/or thread ofexecution and a component may be localized on one computer and/ordistributed between two or more computers. In addition, these componentscan execute from various computer readable media, device readablestorage devices, or machine-readable media having various datastructures stored thereon. The components may communicate via localand/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having oneor more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting withanother component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across anetwork such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). Asanother example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry, which is operated by a software or firmwareapplication executed by a processor, wherein the processor can beinternal or external to the apparatus and executes at least a part ofthe software or firmware application. As yet another example, acomponent can be an apparatus that provides specific functionalitythrough electronic components without mechanical parts, the electroniccomponents can include a processor therein to execute software orfirmware that confers at least in part the functionality of theelectronic components.

In addition, the term “or” is intended to mean an inclusive “or” ratherthan an exclusive “or.” That is, unless specified otherwise, or clearfrom context, “X employs A or B” is intended to mean any of the naturalinclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or Xemploys both A and B, then “X employs A or B” is satisfied under any ofthe foregoing instances. Moreover, articles “a” and “an” as used in thesubject specification and annexed drawings should generally be construedto mean “one or more” unless specified otherwise or clear from contextto be directed to a singular form.

Additionally, the terms “core-network”, “core”, “core carrier network”,“carrier-side”, or similar terms can refer to components of atelecommunications network that typically provides some or all ofaggregation, authentication, call control and switching, charging,service invocation, or gateways. Aggregation can refer to the highestlevel of aggregation in a service provider network wherein the nextlevel in the hierarchy under the core nodes is the distribution networksand then the edge networks. User equipment do not normally connectdirectly to the core networks of a large service provider, but can berouted to the core by way of a switch or radio area network.Authentication can refer to determinations regarding whether the userrequesting a service from the telecom network is authorized to do sowithin this network or not. Call control and switching can referdeterminations related to the future course of a call stream acrosscarrier equipment based on the call signal processing. Charging can berelated to the collation and processing of charging data generated byvarious network nodes. Two common types of charging mechanisms found inpresent day networks can be prepaid charging and postpaid charging.Service invocation can occur based on some explicit action (e.g., calltransfer) or implicitly (e.g., call waiting). It is to be noted thatservice “execution” may or may not be a core network functionality asthird-party network/nodes may take part in actual service execution. Agateway can be present in the core network to access other networks.Gateway functionality can be dependent on the type of the interface withanother network.

Furthermore, the terms “user,” “subscriber,” “customer,” “consumer,”“prosumer,” “agent,” and the like are employed interchangeablythroughout the subject specification, unless context warrants particulardistinction(s) among the terms. It should be appreciated that such termscan refer to human entities or automated components (e.g., supportedthrough artificial intelligence, as through a capacity to makeinferences based on complex mathematical formalisms), that can providesimulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.

Aspects, features, or advantages of the subject matter can be exploitedin substantially any, or any, wired, broadcast, wirelesstelecommunication, radio technology or network, or combinations thereof.Non-limiting examples of such technologies or networks include Geocasttechnology; broadcast technologies (e.g., sub-Hz, ELF, VLF, LF, MF, HF,VHF, UHF, SHF, THz broadcasts, etc.); Ethernet; X.25; powerline-typenetworking (e.g., PowerLine AV Ethernet, etc.); femto-cell technology;Wi-Fi; Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX); EnhancedGeneral Packet Radio Service (Enhanced GPRS); Third GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP or 3G) Long Term Evolution (LTE); 3GPPUniversal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) or 3GPP UMTS; ThirdGeneration Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB);High Speed Packet Access (HSPA); High Speed Downlink Packet Access(HSDPA); High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA); GSM Enhanced DataRates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) Radio Access Network (RAN) or GERAN;Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN); or LTE Advanced.

What has been described above includes examples of systems and methodsillustrative of the disclosed subject matter. It is, of course, notpossible to describe every combination of components or methods herein.One of ordinary skill in the art may recognize that many furthercombinations and permutations of the disclosure are possible.Furthermore, to the extent that the terms “includes,” “has,”“possesses,” and the like can be used in the detailed description,claims, appendices and drawings such terms are intended to be inclusivein a manner similar to the term “comprising” as “comprising” isinterpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim.

While the various embodiments are susceptible to various modificationsand alternative constructions, certain illustrated implementationsthereof are shown in the drawings and have been described above indetail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intention tolimit the various embodiments to the specific forms disclosed, but onthe contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, alternativeconstructions, and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope ofthe various embodiments.

In addition to the various implementations described herein, it is to beunderstood that other similar implementations can be used, ormodifications and additions can be made to the describedimplementation(s) for performing the same or equivalent function of thecorresponding implementation(s) without deviating therefrom. Stillfurther, multiple processing chips or multiple devices can share theperformance of one or more functions described herein, and similarly,storage can be affected across a plurality of devices. Accordingly, theembodiments are not to be limited to any single implementation, butrather are to be construed in breadth, spirit and scope in accordancewith the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: predicting, by a systemcomprising a processor, that a user equipment of a group of userequipment in an idle mode will transition to an active mode during atime duration; identifying, by the system, base station equipment thatare able to provide coverage to the group of user equipment during thetime duration; and based on predicting the user equipment willtransition to active mode, prioritizing, by the system, allocation amongthe base station equipment, of resources to provide coverage tofacilitate an active mode connection by the user equipment to the basestation equipment.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein prioritizing amongthe user equipment comprises prioritizing the user equipment over otheruser equipment of the group of user equipment based on the userequipment being predicted to have a higher probability of transitioningto the active mode during the time duration, than the other userequipment.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein prioritizing allocation ofthe antenna resource comprises prioritizing allocation based onavailable energy resources of the base station equipment.
 4. The methodof claim 1, wherein identifying the base station equipment is based onfeedback information from the user equipment, describing receipt of asignal from the base station equipment at a receipt location, andwherein the signal was received while the user equipment was in the idlemode.
 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the feedback information wasreceived from the user equipment comprised in a signal propagationmessage that was generated by the user equipment during the idle mode.6. The method of claim 5, wherein the signal propagation messagecomprises a description of signal interference at the receipt location,and wherein allocating the antenna resource to facilitate the activemode connection comprises selecting the antenna resource based on thesignal propagation message to mitigate the signal interference duringthe transition to the active mode.
 7. The method of claim 5, wherein thesignal propagation message was comprised in a signal propagation messagepart that was appended to a mobility management message by the userequipment.
 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the mobility managementmessage comprises a tracking area update message that was triggered tobe sent by the user equipment during the idle mode, based on movement ofthe user equipment into a tracking area.
 9. The method of claim 4,wherein the antenna resource comprises a beamforming antenna, andwherein the coverage provided to the user equipment comprises abeamformed signal directed by the beamforming antenna based on thereceipt location.
 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the active modeconnection to the base station equipment is facilitated by directing thebeamformed signal to be in a position to accept the active modeconnection when the active mode connection is requested.
 11. The methodof claim 1, wherein allocating the antenna resource comprisesprioritizing allocating the antenna resource to provide the coverage tothe user equipment over other user equipment that was not predicted totransition to the active mode before the user equipment.
 12. The methodof claim 1, wherein predicting that the user equipment will transitionto the active mode is based on a time of day applicable to thepredicting.
 13. First network equipment, comprising: a processor; and amemory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by theprocessor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: collecting,during an idle state, signal propagation information applicable to alocation, transmitting a location update message to second networkequipment, wherein the location update message comprises the signalpropagation information and the location, and commencing establishmentof an active state connection with the second network equipment,wherein, before commencing establishment of the active state connection,based on the location update message, the second network equipmentallocated resources for the active state connection in advance ofcommencing establishment by the first network equipment.
 14. The firstnetwork equipment of claim 13, wherein the allocated resources comprisea beamformed signal directed to be in a position to accept the activestate connection after the establishment of the active state connectionhas commenced.
 15. The first network equipment of claim 13, wherein thesignal resources were provided to the first network equipment based on aprediction that the first network equipment would commence theestablishment of the active state connection at a future time closerthan a threshold.
 16. The first network equipment of claim 13, whereinthe first network equipment comprises a user device, and wherein thesecond network equipment allocated resources for the active stateconnection based on a determined potential load of the user device andother user devices in the idle state within a geographic area.
 17. Anon-transitory machine-readable medium, comprising executableinstructions that, when executed by a processor of a beam controllerdevice, facilitate performance of operations, comprising: predictingthat a user device in an idle state is going to request an activeconnection at a predicted future time; based on predicting the idlestate, identifying base station equipment that are able to enablenetwork coverage for the user device before the predicted future time tofacilitate establishing the active connection; and based on predictingthe user equipment is going to request an active mode connection,prioritizing, by the system, allocation among the base stationequipment, of resources to provide coverage at a predicted location tofacilitate an active mode connection by the user device to the basestation equipment.
 18. The non-transitory machine-readable medium ofclaim 17, wherein a characteristic of the active mode connection wasselected based on feedback information received from the user devicewhile in the idle state.
 19. The non-transitory machine-readable mediumof claim 18, wherein the feedback information comprised an interferenceinformation section comprising information corresponding to signalinterference applicable to the predicted location, and wherein thecharacteristic of the active mode connection was selected to mitigatethe signal interference at the predicted location.
 20. Thenon-transitory machine-readable medium of claim 18, wherein identifyingthe base station equipment is based on the feedback informationdescribing receipt of a signal from a base station of the base stationequipment at a receipt location, and wherein the signal was receivedwhile the user device was in the idle mode.